The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.